Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center is a voluntary, nonprofit hospital located in Elmira, New York. The hospital has the skilled personnel and equipment to provide not only the standard hospital services, but also specialty services unusual in a community hospital. Arnot‑Ogden is the center for kidney dialysis and radiation therapy for a wide geographic area. Its neonatal intensive care unit cares for critically ill babies from a nine‑county area. The hospital has an extensive cardiac program, including open‑heart surgery; and two CT scanners plus MRI provide valuable additions to the diagnostic capabilities of the hospital.

The School of Radiologic Technology was established in 1953 to provide an educational and work opportunity for the community. The Radiologic Technology Program is a two-year program of classroom and practical instruction. Its main objectives are to educate the student to properly use radiation in the health field, to enable graduates to practice radiologic technology with a high level of competence, and to meet the professional standards set by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists and the New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Radiologic Technology. During the two years, students attend classes, participate in laboratory sessions, and receive clinical experience in the hospital's radiology department. The students also take an eight semester‑hour course in anatomy and physiology, which is taught by Corning Community College faculty. The lecture portion of the course is taught at Arnot-Ogden; students travel to Corning for the laboratory portion. Students are welcome to use all the college facilities.

Students also have an option to obtain an A.S. degree in general studies through Corning Community College by combining their certificate in radiologic technology with additional course work in liberal studies.

Source of official student records: Director, School of Radiologic Technology, Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, New York 14905-1676.

Titles of all evaluated learning experiences

Advanced Imaging
Clinical Practicum I and II
Clinical Practicum I, II, III, and IV
Introduction to Radiologic Technology and Medical Ethics
Medical and Surgical Diseases
Medical Terminology
Methods of Patient Care
Pediatric Radiography
Principles of Radiographic Exposure I
Principles of Radiographic Exposure II
Quality Assurance
Radiation Biology
Radiation Physics
Radiation Protection
Radiographic Film Evaluation I
Radiographic Film Evaluation II
Radiographic Procedures I
Radiographic Procedures II
Radiographic Processing
Sectional Imaging
Special Procedures
Topographic Anatomy

Descriptions and credit recommendations

Advanced Imaging
Location: Arnot-Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 27 hours (approximately 18 weeks).
Dates: Version 1: August 1993 - July 1999. Version 2: August 1999 - July 2007. Version 3: August 2007 - Present.
Objectives: Version 1, 2, or 3: Describe generalized principles of modern specialized imaging equipment and accessories, procedures, and techniques related to diagnostic imaging.
Instruction: Version 1: Computerized tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; angiography; ultrasound; radiation therapy; nuclear medicine; angiocardiography. Version 2 or 3: Computerized tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; angiography; ultrasound; radiation therapy; nuclear medicine; angiocardiography; mammography; bone densitometry.
Credit recommendation: Version 1, 2, or 3: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 2 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (9/93) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation) (10/8 revalidation).

Clinical Practicum I and II
(Formerly Clinical Practicum I, II, III, and IV)
Location: Arnot-Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 2,200 hours (2 years).
Dates: September 1974 - Present.
Objectives: Demonstrate clinical competency in radiographic positioning, technique, and protection.
Instruction: Students function as learning members of the hospital's radiology department. Experience is provided in patient preparation, selection of proper techniques for radiographic analysis, and administration of ionizing radiation for the purpose of diagnostic examination with appropriate radiation protection control. Close supervision is provided to develop and evaluate the student's clinical skills.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category or in the upper division baccalaureate degree category, 12 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation). NOTE: Parts I and II must both be completed to receive credit.

Introduction to Radiologic Technology and Medical Ethics
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 15 hours (approximately 10 weeks).
Dates: September 1974 - Present.
Objectives: Describe the history of radiography; define key terms related to the physics and techniques of radiography; identify ethical and medicolegal considerations involved in patient care.
Instruction: History of radiography; fundamental physics and techniques; professional development; ethics; medicolegal considerations; interpersonal relationships.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 1 semester hour in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

Medical and Surgical Diseases
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Version 1: Minimum of 27 hours (approximately 20 weeks). Version 2: Minimum of 45 hours (approximately 18 weeks).
Dates: Version 1: September 1974 - July 2002. Version 2: August 2002 - Present.
Objectives: Version 1 or 2: Describe common medical and surgical diseases and their causes, and the adaptations in radiologic technique required for optimum diagnostic imaging.
Instruction: Version 1 or 2: Principles used in the identification of circulatory, degenerative, and neoplastic diseases; conditions of illness involving the systems of the body, with stress on radiographic technology.
Credit recommendation: Version 1: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 2 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation). Version 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 3 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences (10/03 revalidation).

Medical Terminology
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 27 hours (approximately 23 weeks).
Dates: September 1974 - Present.
Objectives: Define roots, prefixes, suffixes, and abbreviations common to general medical terminology and radiographic terminology.
Instruction: Introduction to medical terminology: combining forms; plurals of medical terms; pronunciation; general terms used in radiology; abbreviations; medical terms by body system.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 2 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

Methods of Patient Care
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 43 hours (approximately 30 weeks).
Dates: Version 1: February 1979 - July 1992. Version 2: August 1992 - Present.
Objectives: Version 1 or 2: Apply appropriate principles of patient care to the performance of radiographic procedures.
Instruction: Version 1: Body mechanics; aseptic techniques; management of the seriously ill or injured patient (acute abdomen, fractures, and dislocations); patient reaction to iodinated contrast media; the emergency tray/cart; basic first aid; nursing procedures pertinent to radiology (anesthesia, operating room radiography, bedside radiography, handling patients with communicable diseases). Contrast media; basic forms; precautionary steps in preparation and administration; patient preparation. Version 2: Body mechanics; aseptic techniques; management of the seriously ill or injured patient (acute abdomen, fractures, and dislocations); patient reaction to iodinated contrast media; the emergency tray/cart; basic first aid and CPR; nursing procedures pertinent to radiology (anesthesia, operating room radiography, bedside radiography, handling patients with communicable diseases, and AIDS isolation protection). Contrast media; basic forms; precautionary steps in preparation and administration; venipuncture; patient preparation.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 3 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

Pediatric Radiography
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 15 hours (approximately 10 weeks).
Dates: September 1974 - Present.
Objectives: Describe the essential technical skills and empathic understanding necessary for radiographing the pediatric patient.
Instruction: Introduction to pediatric radiography; pediatric behavior; anatomical proportions; common problems in pediatric radiography; pediatric radiation protection; equipment, accessories, and immobilization of the pediatric patient; handling the neonate.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 1 semester hour in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

1. Principles of Radiographic Exposure I
2. Principles of Radiographic Exposure II
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Course 1. Version 1 or 2: Minimum of 48 hours (approximately 39 weeks). Course 2. Version 1 or 2: Minimum of 15 hours (approximately 13 weeks).
Dates: Course 1. and 2. Version 1: September 1974 - August 1987. Course 1. and 2. Version 2: September 1987 - Present.
Objectives: Courses 1 and 2, Version 1: To provide the student with an understanding of the principles involved in the formation of the latent radiographic image and their application to different situations. Course 1, Version 2: Describe and apply the governing and influencing factors utilized in the production of the radiographic image. Course 2, Version 2: Describe and apply the governing and influencing factors as they relate to factor compensation and sensitometric principles.
Instruction: Course 1, Version 1: Definitions; characteristics of X‑rays; formation of the latent image; intensifying and fluoroscopic screens; prime factors of radiographic exposure; factors controlling and affecting radiographic quality; beam restricting devices (collimators, cones, cylinders, and diaphragms); filters; grids; stereoscopy; condition influencing; choice of chart; kilovoltage and milliamperage; review of grid conversion factors; review of screen conversion factors; kilovoltage distance conversion factors; use of higher kilovoltages; demonstration of radiographic experiments. Course 2, Version 1: Sensitometric properties of X‑ray film: terminology; the electromagnetic spectrum; characteristic curve. Course 1, Version 2: Definitions; characteristics of X‑rays; formation of the latent image; intensifying and fluoroscopic screens; prime factors of radiographic exposure; factors controlling and affecting radiographic quality; beam restricting devices (collimators, cones, cylinders, and diaphragms); filters; grids; condition influencing; choice of chart; kilovoltage and milliamperage; review of grid conversion factors; review of screen conversion factors; kilovoltage distance conversion factors; use of higher kilovoltages; demonstration of radiographic experiments. Course 2, Version 2: Sensitometric properties of radiographic film: terminology; the electromagnetic spectrum; characteristic curve.
Credit recommendation: Course 1, Version 1 or 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 4 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation). Course 2, Version 1 or 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 1 semester hour in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

Quality Assurance
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Version 1: Minimum of 15 hours (approximately 10 weeks). Version 2: Minimum of 21 hours (approximately 10 weeks).
Dates: Version 1: June 1980 - July 2002. Version 2: August 2002 - Present.
Objectives: Version 1: Describe and apply common principles of radiologic quality assurance testing procedures to assure the consistency in the production of quality images. Version 2: Describe and apply common principles of radiologic quality assurance testing procedures to assure the consistency in the production of quality images; explain why the technologist, patient, and physician must be considered in quality assurance.
Instruction: Version 1: Quality assurance instrumentation to determine kilovoltage, milliampere‑seconds, reciprocity, focal spot size, and X‑ray field‑light field coincidence. Use of an ionization chamber survey instrument to determine half-value layer radiation exposure, milliampere‑seconds, reciprocity, and scatter radiation distribution. Version 2: All topics in Version 1; in addition, the importance of the technologist, patient, and physician in quality assurance.
Credit recommendation: Version 1 or 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 1 semester hour in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

1. Radiation Biology
2. Radiation Protection
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Course 1. Minimum of 20 hours (approximately 15 weeks). Course 2. Minimum of 22 hours (approximately 22 weeks).
Dates: Course 1. September 1974 - Present. Course 2. September 1974 - Present.
Objectives: Course 1: Analyze the effects of radiation on cells, tissues, organs, and systems. Course 2: Explain biological effects of ionizing radiation; apply principles pertaining to patient and personnel radiation protection.
Instruction: Course 1: Background radiation; influencing factors; direct and indirect actions; cell structure; genetics; tissue and organs; total organism: lethal effects; immunity; reproduction; radiation syndromes; radiation oncology. Course 2: Need for radiation protection; basic interactions of radiation and matter; quantities and units; maximum permissible dose; biological effects of ionizing radiation; radiation monitoring; patient protection; personnel protection.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category or in the upper division baccalaureate degree category, 3 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation). NOTE: Courses 1 and 2 must both be completed to receive credit.

Radiation Physics
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 60 hours (approximately 40 weeks).
Dates: Version 1: September 1974 - July 1999. Version 2: August 1999 - Present.
Objectives: Version 1 or 2: Describe those general theories of physics relevant to radiology equipment and apply them to radiation physics in both descriptive and quantitative terms.
Instruction: Version 1 or 2: Fundamentals of mathematics. Radiological physics: fundamental units; derived units; mechanics; atomic structure of matter; electrostatics; magnetism; electrodynamics; electromagnetism; transformers; X‑ray tubes; roentgen rays; interaction of radiation and matter; radiographic circuits and equipment; production and properties of radiation. Laboratory work is not included.
Credit recommendation: Version 1: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 5 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiation Physics (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation). Version 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 4 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiation Physics (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

1. Radiographic Film Evaluation I
2. Radiographic Film Evaluation II
(Film Critique)
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Course 1. Minimum of 40 hours (approximately 40 weeks). Course 2. Minimum of 40 hours (approximately 40 weeks).
Dates: Course 1. September 1980 - Present. Course 2. September 1980 - Present.
Objectives: Courses 1 and 2: Analyze radiographic examinations for the purpose of recognizing diagnostic quality.
Instruction: Courses 1 and 2: Patient profile, pathology, and condition during radiographic examination; technical factors and focus‑film distance; collimation and shielding; positioning; anatomy; radiographic quality.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 3 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation). NOTE: Courses 1 and 2 must both be completed to receive credit.

1. Radiographic Procedures I
2. Radiographic Procedures II
(Radiographic Anatomy and Positioning)
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Course 1, Version 1 and 2: Minimum of 167 hours (approximately 44 weeks); includes at least 80 hours of supervised laboratory experience. Course 2, Version 1 and 2. Minimum of 87 hours (approximately 39 weeks); includes at least 41 hours of supervised laboratory experience. Course 1, Version 3: Minimum of 154 hours (approximately 44 weeks); includes at least 70 hours of supervised laboratory experience. Course 2, Version 3. Minimum of 70 hours (approximately 39 weeks); includes at least 32 hours of supervised laboratory experience.
Dates: Course 1 and 2, Version 1: September 1974 - August 1993. Course 1 and 2, Version 2: September 1993 - July 2002. Course 1 and 2, Version 3: August 2002 - Present.
Objectives: Courses 1 and 2, Versions 1 and 2: Describe the structure and function of the human body, with emphasis on radiographic aspects; identify and utilize the correct procedures in positioning patients for radiography. 
Instruction: Course 1, Versions 1 and 2: General positioning: contrast studies; upper and lower extremities; vertebral column; thorax; abdomen; pelvis. Course 2, Version 1: Skull radiography: sinuses; facial bones; orbit and eye; nasolacrimal drainage; mouth; miscellaneous, including temporal styloid, jugular foramina, and hypoglossal canal. Female reproductive system: fetography; placentography; pelvimetry. Course 2, Version 2: Skull radiography: sinuses; facial bones; orbit and eye; nasolacrimal drainage; mouth; miscellaneous, including temporal styloid, jugular foramina, and hypoglossal canal.
Credit recommendation: Course 1, Version 1: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 5 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation). Course 1, Version 2 or 3: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 7 semester hours in Allied Health Science or Radiography (5 lecture, 2 laboratory) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation). Course 2, Version 1: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 3 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation). Course 2, Version 2 or 3: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 4 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (3 lecture, 1 laboratory) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

Radiographic Processing
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 33 hours (approximately 26 weeks); includes at least 7 hours of supervised laboratory experience.
Dates: Version 1: September 1974 - July 1999. Version 2: August 1999 – Present.
Objectives: Version 1: Perform appropriate darkroom procedures; identify the chemical constituents of processing solutions and their functions; evaluate radiographic film characteristics. Version 2: Perform appropriate darkroom procedures; identify the chemical constituents of processing solutions and their functions; evaluate radiographic film characteristics; explain the function and advantages of a daylight system; explain the function of a cassetteless system.
Instruction: Version 1: Darkroom procedures and chemical constituents and functions of processing solutions. Processing room design and function; photographic process; manual processing (the developer, rinsing, fixer, washing, and drying); preparation of solutions; automatic processing; radiographic film artifacts and their causes; silver reclamation. Version 2: Darkroom procedures and chemical constituents and functions of processing solutions. Processing room design and function; photographic process; manual processing (the developer, rinsing, fixer, washing, and drying); preparation of solutions; automatic processing; radiographic film artifacts and their causes; silver reclamation; daylight/cassetteless radiography.
Credit recommendation: Version 1 or 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 2 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) (10/03 revalidation).

Sectional Imaging
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 15 hours (approximately 8 weeks).
Dates: August 1999 - Present.
Objectives: Discuss the orientation of images, sectional anatomy's importance in various specialty areas, and skeletal and visceral anatomy; identify the proper orientation of images for CT, MRI, and cadaver anatomy; identify routine, general anatomy, sectional anatomy in the transverse plan at various levels, anatomy in the coronal plane at various depths, and anatomy in the sagittal plane at various locations; identify routine, general anatomy of the cranium, thorax, and abdomen; identify sectional anatomy of the major muscles and bones. 
Instruction: Importance of sectional imaging; correlation of CT, MRI, and cadaver images; routine anatomy and sectional anatomy of the cranium, thorax, and abdomen; miscellaneous anatomy of the bones and major muscles.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 1 semester hours in Allied Health Science (10/03).

Special Procedures
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Version 1 or 2: Minimum of 44 hours (approximately 35 weeks). Version 3: Minimum of 41 hours (approximately 25 weeks); includes at least 9 hours of supervised laboratory experience.
Dates: Version 1: September 1974 - August 1987. Version 2: September 1987 - July 1993. Version 3: August 1993 - July 1999. Version 4: August 1999 - Present.
Objectives: Version 1: To provide the student with a knowledge of the supplementary procedures used in advanced technology and related radiographic equipment. Version 2, 3 or 4: Describe generalized principles of modern specialized imaging equipment and accessories, procedures, and techniques related to diagnostic imaging.
Instruction: Version 1: Design and function of radiographic equipment used for special procedures: high output generators; special tables; rapid film changers; pressure injectors; catheters. Supplementary procedures: tomography; stereo radiography; direct enlargement radiography; thermography; xeroradiography; ultra-sonography. Specific radiographic procedures. Imaging. Version 2: Design and function of radiographic and computerized equipment used for special procedures: high output generators; special tables; rapid film changers; pressure injectors; catheters. Supplementary procedures: tomography; direct enlargement radiography; thermography; xeroradiography; computed tomography; ultrasonography. Specific radiographic procedures; magnetic resonance imaging. Version 3: Myelography; mammography; tomography; arthrography; female reproductive system: fetography, placentography, pelvimetry; computers in radiography; specialized procedures; image intensifications; recording systems. Version 4: Myelography; tomography; arthrography; computers in radiography; specialized procedures; image intensifications; recording systems; digital imaging.
Credit recommendation: Version 1 or 2: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 3 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation). Version 3: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category 2 semester hours in Allied Health Sciences or Radiography (9/93 revalidation) (10/98 revalidation) 10/03 revalidation).

Topographic Anatomy
Location: Arnot‑Ogden Medical Center, Roe Avenue, Elmira, NY.
Length: Minimum of 15 hours (approximately 10 weeks).
Dates: September 1974 - June 1999.
Objectives: Describe the locations of structures using surface landmarks and their anatomical relationship to each other.
Instruction: A study of topographic anatomy, the relationship of organs to each other, and the location of organs using surface landmarks. Upper and lower extremities; neck; chest; abdominal and pelvic cavities; head. Radiographic film evaluation to identify topographic anatomic structures.
Credit recommendation: In the lower division baccalaureate/associate degree category, 1 semester hour in Allied Health Sciences, Biology, or Radiography (12/80) (12/88 revalidation) (9/93 revalidation).

Updated 1/26/05

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